A state-of-the-art mixture of experts language model with 32 billion activated parameters and 1 trillion total parameters. Trained on 15.5 trillion tokens with zero training instability, Kimi K2 achieves exceptional performance across coding, reasoning, and tool use tasks.
Kimi K2 represents a significant advancement in language model technology. The model's unique mixture of experts architecture and Muon optimizer training approach creates unprecedented stability and performance across diverse tasks.
Excels in programming tasks with 65.8% SWEBench verified performance
Handles extensive conversations and complex documents
32B activated parameters with 1T total parameters for superior performance
Kimi K2's training process achieved zero instability spikes across 15.5 trillion tokens. The Muon optimizer, implemented at an unprecedented scale, developed novel optimization techniques that resolved instabilities while scaling up to one trillion parameters. This smooth training curve represents a breakthrough in large language model development.
The model employs a sophisticated mixture of experts design with 32 billion activated parameters and 1 trillion total parameters. This architecture enables specialized processing for different types of tasks, allowing Kimi K2 to excel in coding, reasoning, and tool use while maintaining efficiency through selective parameter activation.
Kimi K2 supports up to 2 million tokens in the context window, enabling processing of extensive documents, long conversations, and complex multi-step reasoning tasks. This capability makes it suitable for enterprise applications requiring deep analysis of large datasets and documents.
Training Loss Curve - Zero Instability
Kimi K2 outperforms GPT-4, Claude 4, and Gemini 2.5 Flash in coding tasks. The model demonstrates superior understanding of programming concepts, debugging capabilities, and code generation quality. This performance makes it one of the most capable coding assistants available.
The model achieves top performance in mathematical reasoning tasks, surpassing Claude 4 Opus and Gemini 2.5 Flash. This demonstrates Kimi K2's strong capabilities in logical reasoning, mathematical problem-solving, and analytical thinking across various mathematical domains.
Kimi K2 leads in general knowledge and reasoning assessments, achieving the highest score among all tested models. This performance indicates exceptional understanding across diverse subjects and strong capabilities in connecting information from multiple domains.
The model is specifically designed for autonomous problem-solving and tool calling. Kimi K2 can execute complex workflows, interact with external APIs, and perform multi-step reasoning tasks that require planning and execution across different tools and systems.
65.8% - Beats GPT-4, Claude 4
#1 Ranking - Above Claude 4 Opus
75.1% - Highest among all models
2M tokens - Largest available
Kimi K2's capabilities extend across numerous domains, from software development to research and education. The model's combination of coding expertise, reasoning abilities, and tool use makes it suitable for complex, real-world applications.
Kimi K2 excels in code generation, debugging, and software architecture design. Developers can use the model for rapid prototyping, code review, and complex algorithm implementation. The model's understanding of multiple programming languages and frameworks makes it a valuable tool for development teams.
Researchers benefit from Kimi K2's ability to process large datasets, analyze complex documents, and generate insights from multiple sources. The model can assist in literature reviews, data analysis, and hypothesis generation across various scientific disciplines.
Educational institutions can use Kimi K2 for personalized tutoring, curriculum development, and student assessment. The model's mathematical and reasoning capabilities make it particularly effective for STEM education and advanced learning applications.
Businesses can integrate Kimi K2 for document processing, customer service automation, and decision support systems. The model's tool use capabilities enable integration with existing enterprise infrastructure and workflows.
Content creators and marketers can use Kimi K2 for writing assistance, content optimization, and creative ideation. The model's large context window allows for processing of extensive reference materials and style guides.
Kimi K2's agent capabilities make it ideal for building autonomous AI systems that can perform complex tasks, interact with multiple tools, and execute multi-step workflows. This opens possibilities for advanced automation and intelligent systems.
Kimi K2 employs a sophisticated mixture of experts architecture that enables efficient processing of diverse tasks. The model activates 32 billion parameters while maintaining access to 1 trillion total parameters, allowing for specialized processing based on task requirements. This design provides the benefits of large-scale models while maintaining computational efficiency.
The training process utilized 15.5 trillion tokens with the Muon optimizer, achieving unprecedented stability throughout the training process. This stability, combined with the model's architecture, results in consistent performance across various benchmarks and real-world applications.
The model's 2 million token context window enables processing of extensive documents, long conversations, and complex multi-step reasoning tasks. This capability makes Kimi K2 suitable for enterprise applications requiring deep analysis of large datasets.
Kimi K2 demonstrates exceptional performance across coding, reasoning, and tool use tasks. The model's architecture enables efficient processing while maintaining high accuracy across diverse benchmarks. The mixture of experts design allows for specialized processing based on task requirements.
The model's training stability, achieved through the Muon optimizer, ensures consistent performance across different applications and use cases. This stability, combined with the model's large context window, makes it suitable for complex, real-world applications requiring extensive processing capabilities.
Kimi K2's open-source nature allows for customization and integration into various systems and applications. The model's tool use capabilities enable integration with existing infrastructure and workflows, making it suitable for enterprise applications.
Future versions of Kimi K2 will include advanced reasoning modules that enable more sophisticated problem-solving and decision-making capabilities. These enhancements will improve the model's ability to handle complex, multi-step reasoning tasks and provide more accurate, well-reasoned responses.
The model's tool use capabilities will expand to include more sophisticated integrations with external systems, databases, and APIs. This will enable Kimi K2 to perform more complex workflows and interact with a broader range of applications and services.
Kimi K2's architecture enables the development of specialized models for specific domains such as healthcare, finance, and scientific research. These domain-specific models will provide enhanced performance and accuracy for specialized applications and use cases.
Kimi K2 represents a significant step forward in AI language model technology. As we continue to develop and improve this model, we invite researchers, developers, and organizations to explore its capabilities and contribute to the advancement of AI technology.